Friday, August 17, 2007
notes on buddhism -- from "The Center Holds" in STATES OF GRACE by Charlene Spretnak
As Gotama continued to intervene in his own reactive mental processes simply with unbroken awareness, he saw that the mind becomes purified as the patterns of reaction are weakened and as the judgmental, evaluating process becomes correspondingly less intense. As he progressed and the deep, habitual patterns of reaction were eradicated, his entire mental structure became filled with the qualities of a liberated mind: pure love, infinite compassion, joy in the joy of others, and equanimity.
He continued to progress to subtler and subtler levels of awareness until he arrived at experiential knowledge of the ultimate truth: that matter and energy---constituting mental contents, the physical structure of the body, and the forms manifested in the surrounding universe---are nothing but vibration and oscillation. He saw that this truth of the entire universe can be experienced within the framework of the body.
Still he went further and experienced the fading away and cessation of craving, the end of suffering, the perception beyond conditions of arising and passing away---the unconditioned state of Nibbana.
At dawn, after his night of searching, Siddhattha Gotama arose a Buddha, and henceforth was called by that title---the Enlightened One, the Awakened One---by all who heard him. Filled with love and compassion for the suffering of all beings, Gotama Buddha spent the remaining fourty-five years of his life teaching the practical method by which people can observe the nature of mind, the cause of suffering, and the cessation of suffering. He taught not sectarian "Buddhism" but universal Dhamma, the pure truth, the actual nature of being. Moreover, he claimed no inspiration from any god or external power, attributing his realization and achievements to human endeavor and human intelligence. He taught that empherical observation of cause and effect regarding the human psyche and behavior, rather than notions of devine intervention, offers a sure path beyond anguish.
The Buddha began his teachings by delivering the discourse called "The Turning of the Wheel of Dhamma." With clarity and love, he expressed the wisdom of the Four Noble Truths: suffering is with us throughout this life; the cause of suffering is desire (craving or aversion); the way out of suffering is the way beyond desire; that way is the Eightfold Noble Path. The Eightfold Path consists of morality (right speech, right action, right livelihood); meditation (right concentration, right mindfulness, right effort); and wisdom (right understanding, right thought), each of which strengthens the growth of the others. Together they comprise the path known as The Middle Way, avoiding extremes of asceticism or indulgence.
In addition to his teachings on ethical, spiritual, and philosophical problems, the Buddha also delivered discourses on social, economic, and political matters. Many of these addressed the proper conduct of kings, for there were many corrupt ones in his day; we would substitute the word "government." In the Cakkavattishanada Sutta he states that poverty is the cause of crimes such as theft, falsehood, violence, and so forth. Trying to suppress such crime through punishment is futile, he states in the Kutadanta Sutta. Instead, the economic condition of the people should be improved. Among his teachings on "Ten Duties of the King" are nonobstruction of the will of the people, as well as nonviolence.
He continued to progress to subtler and subtler levels of awareness until he arrived at experiential knowledge of the ultimate truth: that matter and energy---constituting mental contents, the physical structure of the body, and the forms manifested in the surrounding universe---are nothing but vibration and oscillation. He saw that this truth of the entire universe can be experienced within the framework of the body.
Still he went further and experienced the fading away and cessation of craving, the end of suffering, the perception beyond conditions of arising and passing away---the unconditioned state of Nibbana.
At dawn, after his night of searching, Siddhattha Gotama arose a Buddha, and henceforth was called by that title---the Enlightened One, the Awakened One---by all who heard him. Filled with love and compassion for the suffering of all beings, Gotama Buddha spent the remaining fourty-five years of his life teaching the practical method by which people can observe the nature of mind, the cause of suffering, and the cessation of suffering. He taught not sectarian "Buddhism" but universal Dhamma, the pure truth, the actual nature of being. Moreover, he claimed no inspiration from any god or external power, attributing his realization and achievements to human endeavor and human intelligence. He taught that empherical observation of cause and effect regarding the human psyche and behavior, rather than notions of devine intervention, offers a sure path beyond anguish.
The Buddha began his teachings by delivering the discourse called "The Turning of the Wheel of Dhamma." With clarity and love, he expressed the wisdom of the Four Noble Truths: suffering is with us throughout this life; the cause of suffering is desire (craving or aversion); the way out of suffering is the way beyond desire; that way is the Eightfold Noble Path. The Eightfold Path consists of morality (right speech, right action, right livelihood); meditation (right concentration, right mindfulness, right effort); and wisdom (right understanding, right thought), each of which strengthens the growth of the others. Together they comprise the path known as The Middle Way, avoiding extremes of asceticism or indulgence.
In addition to his teachings on ethical, spiritual, and philosophical problems, the Buddha also delivered discourses on social, economic, and political matters. Many of these addressed the proper conduct of kings, for there were many corrupt ones in his day; we would substitute the word "government." In the Cakkavattishanada Sutta he states that poverty is the cause of crimes such as theft, falsehood, violence, and so forth. Trying to suppress such crime through punishment is futile, he states in the Kutadanta Sutta. Instead, the economic condition of the people should be improved. Among his teachings on "Ten Duties of the King" are nonobstruction of the will of the people, as well as nonviolence.
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